Introduction
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Distraction osteogenesis is a biologic process of new bone formation between the surfaces of bone segments that are gradually separated by incremental traction. Specifically, this process is initiated when distraction forces are applied to the callus tissues that connect the divided bone segments, and continues as long as these tissues are stretched. The traction generates tension that stimulates new bone formation parallel to the vector of distraction (Samchukov et al., 1998a, 1998b).

FIG. 1.1, 1.2. Radiograph of a dog mandible during 10 mm of lengthening by the distraction osteogenesis technique (left). Newly formed bony trabeculae in the intersegmentary distraction gap oriented parallel to the vector of distraction; Sanderson's Rapid Bone Stain, x2 (right).

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